| 
 | 2023 | 2022 | 
| Profit incl. minority interests | 205,482 | 190,604 | 
| Net interest expense | 16,472 | 14,072 | 
| Income taxes | 32,625 | 38,941 | 
| Result from sale of non-current assets | -721 | -878 | 
| Result from sale of investments/businesses | 34,153 | – | 
| Depreciation and amortisation | 114,686 | 111,273 | 
| Impairment charges | 2,888 | 15,110 | 
| Change in provisions | -1,011 | 974 | 
| Income from associates and joint ventures | -872 | 148 | 
| Other non-cash adjustments | 6,572 | 6,914 | 
| Cash flow before changes in net working capital, interest and taxes | 410,274 | 377,158 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Change in inventories | 7,353 | -76,150 | 
| Change in trade receivables | 32,255 | -66,143 | 
| Change in other receivables, prepayments and accrued income | -12,900 | -3,741 | 
| Change in trade payables | -36,629 | 39,194 | 
| Change in other payables, accrued liabilities and deferred income | 31,851 | -4,394 | 
| Interest paid | -19,114 | -15,705 | 
| Taxes paid | -42,945 | -41,871 | 
| Cash flow from operating activities | 370,145 | 208,348 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Investments in property, plant and equipment | -147,075 | -200,264 | 
| Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment | 1,689 | 1,992 | 
| Purchase of securities | -4,104 | – | 
| Sale of securities | 1,166 | – | 
| Investments in intangible assets | -2,390 | -4,307 | 
| Proceeds from sale of shares in associates | 27,147 | – | 
| Acquisition of consolidated investments/businesses | -1,892 | -5,983 | 
| Acquisition of minority interests | -2,855 | -17,558 | 
| Proceeds from sale of investments/businesses | -11,607 | – | 
| Change in loans receivable | 1,154 | -4,985 | 
| Dividend received | 425 | 782 | 
| Interest received | 2,514 | 2,155 | 
| Cash flow from investing activities | -135,828 | -228,168 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Change in other current financial liabilities | -8,443 | -65,838 | 
| Change in other non-current financial liabilities | 8,800 | 108,942 | 
| Repayments of bonds | -200,000 | – | 
| Proceeds from bond-issuance | 199,751 | – | 
| Share of minority shareholders in capital increases of Group companies | – | 10,847 | 
| Dividend payments to shareholders | -77,572 | -74,897 | 
| Dividend payments to minority shareholders | -3,613 | -2,148 | 
| Cash flow from financing activities | -81,077 | -23,094 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Currency translation | -6,320 | -2,172 | 
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 146,920 | -45,086 | 
| 
 | 
 | 
 | 
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 202,195 | 247,281 | 
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | 349,115 | 202,195 |